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Table 3 Cox regression analysis of CT-defined emphysema on overall survival in the entire cohort and never-smokers

From: The association and impact of radiographic, pathological emphysema and spirometric airway obstruction on patients with resectable lung adenocarcinoma

Characteristics

The entire cohort

Never-smokers

Univariate

analysis

P value

Multivariate analysis

P value*

Univariate

analysis

P value

Multivariate analysis

P value#

Age(year)

        

 < 65

Reference

   

Reference

   

 ≥ 65

1.00(0.74–1.36)

0.979

  

1.11(0.76–1.61)

0.605

  

Sex, male

1.26(0.96–1.67)

0.095

  

1.17(0.80–1.70)

0.416

  

BMI( kg/m2)

        

  < 24

Reference

   

Reference

   

 ≥ 24

1.01(0.76–1.34)

0.952

  

1.18(0.83–1.69)

0.354

  

Smoking history

        

 Never smoker

Reference

   

-

-

  

 Former or current smoker

1.19(0.89–1.58)

0.244

  

-

-

  

Tumor stage

        

 I

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 II

1.99(1.41,2.83)

< 0.001

1.95(1.40–2.73)

< 0.001

2.47(1.64–3.74)

< 0.001

2.01(1.32,3.07)

0.001

 IIIA

2.20(1.51,3.21)

< 0.001

2.12(1.48–3.02)

< 0.001

2.92(1.92–4.46)

< 0.001

2.00(1.28,3.12)

0.002

Extent of resection

        

 Wedge resection

Reference

   

Reference

   

 Segmentectomy

0.45(0.06–3.36)

0.437

  

0.50(0.07–3.77)

0.499

  

 Lobectomy

0.82(0.52–1.30)

0.824

  

0.67(0.39–1.15)

0.144

  

 Pneumonectomy

1.55(0.36–6.63)

0.553

  

2.80(0.64–12.37)

0.174

  

Vascular invasion

        

 Absent

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Present

2.89(2.18–3.83)

< 0.001

1.87(1.37–2.56)

< 0.001

3.14(2.21–4.48)

< 0.001

1.98(1.33–2.94)

0.001

Pleural invasion

        

 Absent

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Present

2.80(2.12–3.69)

< 0.001

1.75(1.28–2.40)

< 0.001

3.30(2.27–4.53)

< 0.001

1.97(1.33–2.93)

< 0.001

Airway obstruction

        

 No

Reference

   

Reference

   

 Yes

1.15(0.82–1.62)

0.426

  

0.96(0.57–1.60)

0.862

  

CT-defined emphysema

        

 No

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Yes

1.70(1.18–2.44)

0.001

1.44(1.05–1.97)

0.022

2.01(1.12–3.59)

0.003

1.71(1.08–2.70)

0.021

  1. Abbreviations: CT = computed tomography; HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval; BMI = body mass index; FVC = forced vital capacity; FEV1 = forced expiratory volume
  2. *False discovery rate corrected P values in the entire cohort were as follows: TNM stage II, P < 0.001; TNM stage IIIA, P < 0.001; vascular invasion, P < 0.001; pleural invasion, P < 0.001; and CT-defined emphysema, P = 0.022
  3. #False discovery rate corrected P values in never-smokers were as follows: TNM stage II, P = 0.002; TNM stage IIIA, P = 0.003; vascular invasion, P = 0.002; pleural invasion, P = 0.002; and CT-defined emphysema, P = 0.021
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Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

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